A. An auxiliary verb is a helping verb that we use with a main verb to form
the tense and to make negative and
question forms. They usually come before main verbs and make main verbs into
phrases. In English ‘auxiliary’ means ‘helping’ or ‘supporting; for example, in
a hospital an auxiliary nurse is an assistant nurse (often referred to as a
health assistant). The auxiliary verb is a function word which shows the time
and has no inherent meaning, while the main verb is a content word which
provides the meaning. For example, in the following present continuous phrase
‘are’ is an auxiliary verb, while ‘driving’ is a main verb:
here are three primary
auxiliary verbs in English: be, do, and have. They are all irregular verbs, so we have to learn their
different forms. Be, do, and have can also be main verbs, for example:
BE as a main verb : BE as an axiliary verb:
have done the dishes. I don’t
like classical music.
HAVE as a main verb: HAVE as an axiliary verb:
I have four sisters. I
haven’t seen them for a while.
Sometimes the same verb is an auxiliary verb and a main verb
in the same sentence:
BE: He is being
rude.
DO: We don’t know
what to do.
HAVE: I haven’t had
lunch yet.
A.
From each primary auxiliary verb we get the
following forms:
BE: be, am, are,
is, being, was, were, been
DO: do, does, did
HAVE: have, has,
had
B.
There are also nine modal auxiliary verbs in
English:
can,
could, will, would, must, shall, should, may, and might.We look at modal
auxiliary verbs in more detail in Lesson 5.4, although we discuss will below,
because we need it to help make Future Simple.
C.
In this Elementary course we are looking at
eight different tenses. The five most common tenses are listed in blue. Some
tenses, like Present Perfect Continuous, use two auxiliary verbs together. You
can see each tense with their respective auxiliary verbs below:
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